The electrical current

Nature of the electrical current:

    To understand what is the electrical current, it must first begin with some physics and chemistry concepts.
Indeed, we must first look at the operation of an atom.
In particular the electrons circulating goshawks.

   In a metal conductor, all electrons are not used for connection of the crystal: have free electrons, it is their combined movement which ensures the passage of the current.
Electric current is an overall movement of electrical charge carriers.

                                                         charge of an electron: -1,6x10-19 Coulombs  

Direction of current:

    The conventional direction of the current is oriented in the direction of movement of positive charge carriers. They come out of the positive terminal and enter the negative terminal of the generator.  

   

 Intensity :                       

  Briefly, a "time of change" At, an N number of charges carrying a quantity of electricity (Q). • Q So the amount of variation will be equal to N * Q. There will appearance of an electric current.

the intensity (I) is defined by: I = • Q / .DELTA.t

I is given in amperes.

• Q coulomb.

.delta.t Second.  

      

Measuring :

    We measure, the intensity of an electric current with an ammeter that plugs in series with the dipole that is to be measured.

The electrical circuit:

 To achieve an electrical circuit must be at least:

a generator

a receiver

Drivers liaison son

An electric current can be established in a CLOSED system!

A branch is a circuit portion between nodes.

Law of nodes :

  In the universe nothing is created, nothing is lost, everything is transformed!

The node law reflects this principle with the conservation of the quantity of electricity.

current at the start is the same in the end, to be more precise

The sum of the currents arriving at a node is equal to the sum of the currents that leave the node.

 Diagram of different electrical nodes: